README.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Configura il percorso di OrcaSlicer in `backend/src/main/resources/application.p
 
 - `MEDIA_STORAGE_ROOT` per la root `storage_media` usata dal backend (`original/`, `public/`, `private/`)
 - `SHOP_STORAGE_ROOT` per la root `storage_shop` usata dal backend per i modelli dei prodotti shop
-- `MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH` per il binario `ffmpeg`
+- `MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH` per il binario `ffmpeg` (nel deploy Docker default: `/usr/bin/ffmpeg`)
 - `MEDIA_UPLOAD_MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES` per il limite per asset immagine
 
 ```bash
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Operativamente:
 Assicurati che `slicer.path` punti al binario corretto. Su macOS è solitamente `/Applications/OrcaSlicer.app/Contents/MacOS/OrcaSlicer`. Su Linux è il percorso all'AppImage (estratta o meno).
 
 ### FFmpeg e media pubblici
-Verifica che `MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH` punti a un `ffmpeg` con supporto JPEG, WebP e AVIF. Se gli URL media restituiti dalle API admin non sono raggiungibili, controlla che `APP_FRONTEND_BASE_URL` punti al dominio corretto, che `location /media/` sia esposto da Nginx e che il volume `storage_media` sia montato correttamente.
+Verifica che `MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH` punti a un `ffmpeg` con supporto JPEG, WebP e AVIF (encoder + muxer AVIF). Nel container backend usa `/usr/bin/ffmpeg` per evitare binari bundled da OrcaSlicer con supporto incompleto. Se gli URL media restituiti dalle API admin non sono raggiungibili, controlla che `APP_FRONTEND_BASE_URL` punti al dominio corretto, che `location /media/` sia esposto da Nginx e che il volume `storage_media` sia montato correttamente.
 
 ### Database connection
 Verifica le credenziali in `application.properties`. Se usi Docker, puoi passare `DB_URL`, `DB_USERNAME` e `DB_PASSWORD` come variabili d'ambiente.

backend/Dockerfile

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ ARG ORCA_VERSION=2.3.1
 ARG ORCA_DOWNLOAD_URL
 
 # Install system dependencies for OrcaSlicer and media processing.
-# The build fails fast if the packaged ffmpeg lacks JPEG/WebP/AVIF encoders.
+# The build fails fast if the packaged ffmpeg lacks JPEG/WebP/AVIF support.
 RUN set -eux; \
     apt-get update; \
     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ RUN set -eux; \
     grep -Eq '[[:space:]]mjpeg[[:space:]]' /tmp/ffmpeg-encoders.txt; \
     grep -Eq '[[:space:]](libwebp|webp)[[:space:]]' /tmp/ffmpeg-encoders.txt; \
     grep -Eq '[[:space:]](libaom-av1|librav1e|libsvtav1)[[:space:]]' /tmp/ffmpeg-encoders.txt; \
+    ffmpeg -hide_banner -muxers > /tmp/ffmpeg-muxers.txt; \
+    grep -Eq '[[:space:]]avif([[:space:]]|,|$)' /tmp/ffmpeg-muxers.txt; \
+    rm -f /tmp/ffmpeg-muxers.txt; \
     rm -f /tmp/ffmpeg-encoders.txt; \
     rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 
@@ -71,6 +74,8 @@ ENV PATH="/opt/orcaslicer/usr/bin:${PATH}"
 # Set Slicer Path env variable for Java app
 ENV SLICER_PATH="/opt/orcaslicer/AppRun"
 ENV ASSIMP_PATH="assimp"
+# Keep media generation on the system ffmpeg (Orca bundles can miss AVIF muxer support).
+ENV MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH="/usr/bin/ffmpeg"
 
 WORKDIR /app
 # Copy JAR from build stage

backend/entrypoint.sh

@@ -1,10 +1,61 @@
 #!/bin/sh
+set -e
+
+# In container default to system ffmpeg to avoid Orca-bundled binaries with partial codec support.
+if [ -z "${MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH:-}" ]; then
+  MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH="/usr/bin/ffmpeg"
+fi
+export MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH
+
+validate_ffmpeg_support() {
+  ffmpeg_bin="$1"
+  if ! command -v "$ffmpeg_bin" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+    echo "ERROR: FFmpeg executable not found: ${ffmpeg_bin}" >&2
+    exit 11
+  fi
+
+  encoders="$(mktemp)"
+  muxers="$(mktemp)"
+  trap 'rm -f "$encoders" "$muxers"' EXIT
+
+  "$ffmpeg_bin" -hide_banner -encoders > "$encoders" 2>&1 || {
+    echo "ERROR: Unable to inspect FFmpeg encoders from ${ffmpeg_bin}" >&2
+    cat "$encoders" >&2
+    exit 12
+  }
+  "$ffmpeg_bin" -hide_banner -muxers > "$muxers" 2>&1 || {
+    echo "ERROR: Unable to inspect FFmpeg muxers from ${ffmpeg_bin}" >&2
+    cat "$muxers" >&2
+    exit 13
+  }
+
+  grep -Eq '[[:space:]]mjpeg[[:space:]]' "$encoders" || {
+    echo "ERROR: FFmpeg '${ffmpeg_bin}' missing JPEG encoder (mjpeg)." >&2
+    exit 14
+  }
+  grep -Eq '[[:space:]](libwebp|webp)[[:space:]]' "$encoders" || {
+    echo "ERROR: FFmpeg '${ffmpeg_bin}' missing WebP encoder." >&2
+    exit 15
+  }
+  grep -Eq '[[:space:]](libaom-av1|librav1e|libsvtav1)[[:space:]]' "$encoders" || {
+    echo "ERROR: FFmpeg '${ffmpeg_bin}' missing AVIF-capable encoder." >&2
+    exit 16
+  }
+  grep -Eq '[[:space:]]avif([[:space:]]|,|$)' "$muxers" || {
+    echo "ERROR: FFmpeg '${ffmpeg_bin}' missing AVIF muxer." >&2
+    exit 17
+  }
+}
+
+validate_ffmpeg_support "$MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH"
+
 echo "----------------------------------------------------------------"
 echo "Starting Backend Application"
 echo "DB_URL: $DB_URL"
 echo "DB_USERNAME: $DB_USERNAME"
 echo "SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL: $SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL"
 echo "SLICER_PATH: $SLICER_PATH"
+echo "MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH: $MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH"
 echo "----------------------------------------------------------------"
 
 # Determine which environment variables to use for database connection

backend/src/main/java/com/printcalculator/service/admin/AdminMediaControllerService.java

@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ public class AdminMediaControllerService {
 
         if (!skippedFormats.isEmpty()) {
             logger.warn(
-                    "Skipping media formats for asset {} because FFmpeg encoders are unavailable: {}",
+                    "Skipping media formats for asset {} because FFmpeg support is unavailable: {}",
                     asset.getId(),
                     String.join(", ", skippedFormats)
             );

backend/src/main/java/com/printcalculator/service/media/MediaFfmpegService.java

@@ -29,13 +29,18 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
             "WEBP", List.of("libwebp", "webp"),
             "AVIF", List.of("libaom-av1", "librav1e", "libsvtav1")
     );
+    private static final Map<String, List<String>> REQUIRED_MUXERS = Map.of(
+            "AVIF", List.of("avif")
+    );
 
     private final String ffmpegExecutable;
     private final Set<String> availableEncoders;
+    private final Set<String> availableMuxers;
 
     public MediaFfmpegService(@Value("${media.ffmpeg.path:ffmpeg}") String ffmpegPath) {
         this.ffmpegExecutable = resolveExecutable(ffmpegPath);
         this.availableEncoders = Collections.unmodifiableSet(loadAvailableEncoders());
+        this.availableMuxers = Collections.unmodifiableSet(loadAvailableMuxers());
     }
 
     public void generateVariant(Path source, Path target, int widthPx, int heightPx, String format) throws IOException {
@@ -47,9 +52,13 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
         Path targetPath = sanitizeMediaPath(target, "target", false);
         Files.createDirectories(targetPath.getParent());
 
-        String encoder = resolveEncoder(format);
+        String normalizedFormat = normalizeFormat(format);
+        String encoder = resolveEncoder(normalizedFormat);
         if (encoder == null) {
-            throw new IOException("FFmpeg encoder not available for media format " + format + ".");
+            throw new IOException("FFmpeg encoder not available for media format " + normalizedFormat + ".");
+        }
+        if (!hasRequiredMuxer(normalizedFormat)) {
+            throw new IOException("FFmpeg muxer not available for media format " + normalizedFormat + ".");
         }
 
         List<String> command = new ArrayList<>();
@@ -66,7 +75,7 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
         command.add("1");
         command.add("-an");
 
-        switch (format) {
+        switch (normalizedFormat) {
             case "JPEG" -> {
                 command.add("-c:v");
                 command.add(encoder);
@@ -86,8 +95,10 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
                 command.add("30");
                 command.add("-b:v");
                 command.add("0");
+                command.add("-f");
+                command.add("avif");
             }
-            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported media format: " + format);
+            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported media format: " + normalizedFormat);
         }
 
         command.add(targetPath.toString());
@@ -112,14 +123,16 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
     }
 
     public boolean canEncode(String format) {
-        return resolveEncoder(format) != null;
+        String normalizedFormat = normalizeFormat(format);
+        return resolveEncoder(normalizedFormat) != null && hasRequiredMuxer(normalizedFormat);
     }
 
     private String resolveEncoder(String format) {
-        if (format == null) {
+        String normalizedFormat = normalizeFormat(format);
+        if (normalizedFormat == null) {
             return null;
         }
-        List<String> candidates = ENCODER_CANDIDATES.get(format.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT));
+        List<String> candidates = ENCODER_CANDIDATES.get(normalizedFormat);
         if (candidates == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -129,6 +142,21 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
                 .orElse(null);
     }
 
+    private boolean hasRequiredMuxer(String format) {
+        List<String> requiredMuxers = REQUIRED_MUXERS.get(format);
+        if (requiredMuxers == null || requiredMuxers.isEmpty()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return requiredMuxers.stream().anyMatch(availableMuxers::contains);
+    }
+
+    private String normalizeFormat(String format) {
+        if (format == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return format.trim().toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
+    }
+
     private Set<String> loadAvailableEncoders() {
         List<String> command = List.of(ffmpegExecutable, "-hide_banner", "-encoders");
         try {
@@ -154,6 +182,31 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
         }
     }
 
+    private Set<String> loadAvailableMuxers() {
+        List<String> command = List.of(ffmpegExecutable, "-hide_banner", "-muxers");
+        try {
+            Process process = startValidatedProcess(command);
+            String output;
+            try (InputStream processStream = process.getInputStream()) {
+                output = new String(processStream.readAllBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+            }
+
+            int exitCode = process.waitFor();
+            if (exitCode != 0) {
+                logger.warn("Unable to inspect FFmpeg muxers. Falling back to empty muxer list.");
+                return Set.of();
+            }
+            return parseAvailableMuxers(output);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            logger.warn(
+                    "Unable to inspect FFmpeg muxers for executable '{}'. Falling back to empty muxer list. {}",
+                    ffmpegExecutable,
+                    e.getMessage()
+            );
+            return Set.of();
+        }
+    }
+
     private Process startValidatedProcess(List<String> command) throws IOException {
         // nosemgrep: java.lang.security.audit.command-injection-process-builder.command-injection-process-builder
         return new ProcessBuilder(List.copyOf(command))
@@ -264,6 +317,26 @@ public class MediaFfmpegService {
         return encoders;
     }
 
+    private Set<String> parseAvailableMuxers(String output) {
+        if (output == null || output.isBlank()) {
+            return Set.of();
+        }
+
+        Set<String> muxers = new LinkedHashSet<>();
+        for (String line : output.split("\\R")) {
+            String trimmed = line.trim();
+            if (trimmed.isBlank() || trimmed.startsWith("--") || trimmed.startsWith("Muxers:")) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            String[] parts = trimmed.split("\\s+", 3);
+            if (parts.length < 2) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            muxers.add(parts[1]);
+        }
+        return muxers;
+    }
+
     private String truncate(String output) {
         if (output == null || output.isBlank()) {
             return "";

backend/src/test/java/com/printcalculator/service/media/MediaFfmpegServiceTest.java

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
 import java.util.Set;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
@@ -80,6 +81,12 @@ class MediaFfmpegServiceTest {
                         EOF
                           exit 0
                         fi
+                        if [ "$1" = "-hide_banner" ] && [ "$2" = "-muxers" ]; then
+                          cat <<'EOF'
+                         E avif
+                        EOF
+                          exit 0
+                        fi
 
                         for arg in "$@"; do
                           if [ "$arg" = "-still-picture" ]; then
@@ -117,4 +124,42 @@ class MediaFfmpegServiceTest {
         assertTrue(Files.exists(target));
         assertEquals("ok", Files.readString(target));
     }
+
+    @Test
+    void canEncode_avifShouldRequireMuxerAvailability() throws Exception {
+        Path fakeFfmpeg = tempDir.resolve("fake-ffmpeg-no-avif-muxer.sh");
+        Files.writeString(
+                fakeFfmpeg,
+                """
+                        #!/bin/sh
+                        if [ "$1" = "-hide_banner" ] && [ "$2" = "-encoders" ]; then
+                          cat <<'EOF'
+                         V..... mjpeg
+                         V..... libaom-av1
+                        EOF
+                          exit 0
+                        fi
+                        if [ "$1" = "-hide_banner" ] && [ "$2" = "-muxers" ]; then
+                          cat <<'EOF'
+                         E mp4
+                        EOF
+                          exit 0
+                        fi
+                        exit 0
+                        """
+        );
+        Files.setPosixFilePermissions(
+                fakeFfmpeg,
+                Set.of(
+                        PosixFilePermission.OWNER_READ,
+                        PosixFilePermission.OWNER_WRITE,
+                        PosixFilePermission.OWNER_EXECUTE
+                )
+        );
+
+        MediaFfmpegService service = new MediaFfmpegService(fakeFfmpeg.toString());
+
+        assertTrue(service.canEncode("JPEG"));
+        assertFalse(service.canEncode("AVIF"));
+    }
 }

docker-compose.deploy.yml

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ services:
       - PROFILES_DIR=/app/profiles
       - MEDIA_STORAGE_ROOT=${MEDIA_STORAGE_ROOT:-/app/storage_media}
       - SHOP_STORAGE_ROOT=${SHOP_STORAGE_ROOT:-/app/storage_shop}
-      - MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH=${MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH:-ffmpeg}
+      - MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH=${MEDIA_FFMPEG_PATH:-/usr/bin/ffmpeg}
       - MEDIA_UPLOAD_MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES=${MEDIA_UPLOAD_MAX_FILE_SIZE_BYTES:-26214400}
     restart: always
     logging: